Convention on cluster munitions, 30 may 2008 state parties 108 state signatories after decades of seeing civilians suffer with each new use of cluster munitions, and in the face of an inadequate response in other fora, norway launched the oslo process on cluster munitions in february 2007 by inviting governments supporting the. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. Fortunately, a growing number of states have or are in the process of adhering to the convention on cluster munitions. The convention on cluster munitions ccm prohibits all use, stockpiling, production and transfer of cluster munitions. Although a number of militarily important states remain outside of the convention, and cluster munitions have been used on a number of occasions by nonparties since the convention came into force, supporters of the treaty point to a stigmatising effect of the ban. The convention on cluster munitions is a historic achievement. The republic of slovenia has decided not to retain any cluster munitions in accordance with article 3. Key components and positive precedent for convention on cluster munitions legislation download the pdf in the top right corner.
The convention on cluster munitions was signed by 94 countries at the oslo signing conference in december 2008, and entered into force on august 1, 2010, after 30 states ratified it by february 16, 2010. Cubas presentation the convention on cluster munitions nov 12, 2008 cuba shall not store cluster munitions or explosive submunitions for the purposes authorized in article 3. The convention on cluster munitions and the evolution of international humanitarian law bonnie docherty abstract the 2008 convention on cluster munitions comprehensively bans a weapon that causes civilian casualties both during and after attacks. An act to implement the convention on cluster munitions, 2014. Treaties, states parties, and commentaries convention on.
Model law convention on cluster munitions the convention on. Distribution of head and facial injuries due to cluster munitions blasts in lebanon in the. Will the cluster munitions convention prove ineffective. Such munitions are effective against targets that do not have fixed locations, such as enemy soldiers or vehicles, and also against precise positions, such as airfields and missile sites.
Convention on cluster munitions the states parties to this convention, deeply concerned that civilian populations and individual civilians continue to bear the brunt of armed conflict, determined to put an end for all time to the suffering and casualties caused by cluster munitions at the time of their use, when they fail to function as intended or when they. Commonly, this is a cluster bomb that ejects explosive bomblets that are designed to kill personnel and destroy vehicles. Convention on cluster munitions arms control association. In november 2010, the first meeting of states parties to the convention on cluster munitions 1msp took place in vientiane, lao pdr. Under the terms of the convention, a number of responsibilities have. Cluster munitions do not distinguish between civilians and combatants and can leave behind unexploded ordnance which can harm civilians and be detrimental to economic and social development for decades after use. The convention on cluster munitions was adopted by 107 countries on 30 may 2008 in dublin, ireland. Laws prohibiting investments in controversial weapons. Pdf head and facial injuries due to cluster munitions.
Full text versions of the convention for download in english, french, spanish, russian, chinese, and arabic. Why are cluster munitions of such concern from a humanitarian perspective. It features comprehensive descriptions and illustrations of the types of cluster munitions in contaminated areas. The convention became binding international law when it entered into force on 1 august. The convention on cluster munitions 2008 is set to come in to force on the 1st of august 2010.
In 2008, the convention on cluster munitions was adopted by over 100 countries. Cluster munitions have been a persistent problem for decades. Implementing the convention on cluster munitions human rights. Convention on cluster munitions draft day month year original. The strength of the treaty is largely due to the prohibition on cluster munitions as an entire category of weapons. English third meeting of states parties oslo, 1014 september 2012 the oslo progress report. This process was open to all states committed to adopting urgently a treaty prohibiting cluster munitions which cause unacceptable suffering to civilians. Background and issues for congress congressional research service rs22907 version 31 updated 3 international attempts to regulate use u. The convention on cluster munitions the ccm is the.
The convention on cluster munitions ccm is an international treaty that prohibits the use. Convention on cluster munitions convention on cluster munitions determined also to ensure the full realisation of the rights of all cluster munition victims and recognising their inherent dignity, resolved to do their utmost in providing assistance to clus ter munition victims, including medical care, rehabilitation and. The convention on cluster munitions prohibits all use, production, stockpiling, and transfer of cluster munitions. The negotiators rejected proposals for broad exceptions from the ban and for a transition period during which cluster munitions could still be. The convention on cluster munitions, ccm, prohibits all use, stockpiling, production and transfer of cluster munitions. Cluster munitions at a glance arms control association. Guide to cluster munitions, second edition, gichd, geneva, june 2009. Cluster munition means a conventional munition that is designed to disperse or release explosive submunitions each weighing less than 20 kilograms, and. States parties and signatories by region the convention.
Convention on cluster munitions draft the convention on. The convention on cluster munitions is a model for future disarmament negotiations due to its patience and focus on humanitarianism and broad engagement. Dublin 19 30 may 2008 convention on cluster munitions, ccm 77, 30 may 2008 excerpt article 1 general obligations and scope of application 1. The law simply provides that it is forbidden for any natural or legal person to knowingly finance cluster munition weapons or. Italy national points of contact organization, telephones, fax, email. Italian ministry of foreign affairs and international cooperation.
Convention on cluster munitions the issues monitor. Cluster munitions are characterized as bombs or shells that consist of an outer. The united states should not join the convention on. Plans, general information, timeline methods that will be used1. In may 2008, more than 100 states adopted the convention on cluster munitions, which prohibits the use, development, production, stockpiling and transfer of such munitions. To date, 27 of the 100 states parties to the convention have adopted. The cluster munition coalition is an international civil society campaign working to eradicate cluster munitions, prevent further casualties from these weapons and put an end for all time to the suffering they cause. Other cluster munitions are designed to destroy runways or electric power transmission lines, disperse chemical or biological weapons, or to scatter. Since august 2016, two countries have ratified the convention on cluster munitions benin and madagascar. Convention text the convention on cluster munitions. Because of their inherently indiscriminate nature, cluster munitions are prohibited by the 2008 convention on cluster munitions, which 120 states have joined. Convention on cluster munitions e united nations office. These weapons have killed or injured tens of thousands of civilians in waraffected countries.
Convention on cluster munitions, international treaty, adopted by more than 100 countries on may 30, 2008, that prohibited the manufacture, transfer, and use of cluster munitions. Monitoring progress in implementing the vientiane action plan between the second and third meetings of states parties submitted by the president of the second meeting of states parties 1. Convention on cluster munitions how is convention on. Convention on cluster munitions tke states parties to this convention, deeply concerned that civilian populations and individual civilians continue to bear the brunt of armed conflict, determined to put an end for all time to the suffering and casualties caused by cluster munitions at the time of their use, when they fail to function. The convention on cluster munitions is a misbegotten treaty that neither advances the laws of war nor enhances security. Convention on cluster munitions, 2008 icrc databases on. Implementing the convention on cluster munitions human. Convention on cluster munitions human rights watch. Convention on cluster munitions the states parties to this convention, deeply concerned that civilian populations and individual civilians continue to bear the brunt of armed conflict, determined to put an end for all time to the suffering and casualties caused by cluster munitions at the time of their use, when they fail to function as intended or when they are abandoned. Convention on prohibitions or restrictions on the use of. Using the 2008 convention on cluster munitions as its principal frame of reference, the report covers global trends in ban policy and practice, contamination and clearance, cluster munition casualties, and efforts to guarantee the rights and meet the needs of cluster munition victims. In may 2008, 107 states concluded an international treaty prohibiting these weapons. The convention on cluster munitions represents a major step forward in international efforts to protect civilians from cluster munitions as well as to address their humanitarian and development impact. Cluster munitions article about cluster munitions by the.
The recent convention on cluster munitions ccm, convention1 is the latest attempt by the international community to humanize the conduct of war. The convention also sets legal precedent in three ways. By adopting this convention, states have put in place the final plank in the international legal structure addressing the effects of weapons that dont stop killing. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license.
This convention was negotiated and adopted by 107 states at a diplomatic conference in dublin. Cluster munitions consist of a container that contains a number of smaller submunitions or bomblets which scatter over a large area and explode on impact. Separate articles in the convention concern assistance to victims, clearance of contaminated areas and destruction of stockpiles. The harvard law school international human rights clinic makes recommendations on national legislation and has studied existing legislation to help states draft their own national laws. Convention on cluster munitions international treaty. Cubas presentation the convention on cluster munitions.
Each state party undertakes never under any circumstances to. In may 2008, 107 states concluded an international treaty prohibitingthese weapons. Law prohibiting the financing of cluster munitions luxembourg prohibited the financing of cluster munitions in 2009, in the law ratifying the convention on cluster munitions. This new edition of a guide to cluster munitions features updated information on the conventions key obligations such as stockpile destruction and cluster munitions clearance. The convention on cluster munitions the ccm is the international treaty of more than 100 states that addresses the humanitarian consequences and unacceptable harm caused to civilians by cluster munitions, through a categorical prohibition and a framework for action.
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