Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq for early. Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors. Dengue is transmitted principally by aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito and aedes albopictus asian tiger mosquito. Chapter 1 epidemiology, burden of disease and transmission. In other studies, researchers are generating and evaluating neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and small molecule drugs in animal models. To help with recovery, health care experts recommend. People get dengue from the bite of an infected mosquito. For severe dengue symptoms, including shock and coma, early and aggressive emergency treatment. Defi niti on dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf are acute febrile diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, which occur in the tropics. Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses transmitted by aedes mosquitoes symptoms of dengue fever include severe joint and muscle pain, swollen lymph nodes, headache, fever, exhaustion, and rash. Aspirin is contraindicated both because of its anticoagulant effects and the increased risk of developing reye syndrome. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito.
Dengue disease varies from mild fever to severe conditions of dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Results from these animal trials may result in new. Schematic depiction of the symptoms of dengue fever. A flat, red rash may appear over most of the body 2 to 5 days after the fever starts. Dengue is common in more than 100 countries around the world. This book is a wealth of information about dengue fever how to treat it, how to prevent it, and how to recognize the symptoms, etc.
The affected patients usually present with high fever almost all cases. In spite of best treatment given to dss patients, they succumbed to the. The world health organization who has provided a number of free publications about dengue supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest is usually sufficient. The virus is transmitted by aedes mosquitoes, and 40% of the worlds population living in tropic and subtropic areas are at risk of denv infection. Treatment treatment for classic dengue fever is supportive. Control the fever give acetaminophen every 6 hours maximum 4 doses per day. Jun 28, 2019 there is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection. First seen in asia, africa, and north america in the late 1700s, it was first. In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue. Current and historical conditions indexed list of current and historical nationally notifiable conditions.
Brief communicationsserodiagnosis of dengue virus infection in. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by infection with one of four dengue viruses denv transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes during the taking of a blood meal. Recent studies have shown that dengue induces platelet activation and apoptosis, which modulate inflammatory responses in target monocytes. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq general questions. Do breastfeeding mothers need to take extra precautions. The affected patients usually present with high fever almost all cases 28 and present a positive tourniquet test. You can only relieve the symptoms until the infection has gone.
Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. In addition to the antiviral drug, it is also useful to discuss the new guidelines published. Dengue virus cannot be transmitted from person to person. How do i view different file formats pdf, doc, ppt, mpeg on this site. In a study of dengue fever in thailand, bonemarrow examinations showed hypocellularity early in the disease, followed by hypercullarity during recovery and normocellularity in convalescence. May 03, 2019 dengue fever is usually a selflimited illness. Acetaminophen is used to treat dengue fever by reducing the fever and treating the pain. Undifferentiated fevermay be the most common manifestation ofdengueprospective study found that 87% of patientsinfected were either asymptomatic or only mildlysymptomaticother prospective. Dengue virus is prevalent throughout the tropics and subtropics. Infection may be asymptomatic or present with a broad range of clinical manifestations including a mild febrile illness to a lifethreatening shock syndrome. An outbreak of dengue fever occurred in nepal during june to november 2016, with a peak. Niaidsupported investigators are pursuing several approaches to treat dengue infection.
Other countries approved its use in adults up to age 45 in endemic areas. The severity of the disease can be affected by the infecting virus itself and the age, immune status, and genetic predisposition of the person infected. What is dengue fever and how is it different from regular flu regular flu may be due to a simple viral or bacterial infection, amongst other possible causes. Dengue virus dv, a positivestrand rna virus of the flaviviridae family with 4 distinct serotypes dv14, is transmitted to humans by several species of the aedes mosquito 1, 2. Because dengue fever is a viral infection it does not respond to antibiotics. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into severe dengue, also. If you think you have dengue pdf icon pdf 1 page see a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. Dengue and severe dengue world health organization. It goes the distance in explaining all the aspects of dengue fever.
Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq general. Acetaminophen may be taken to control fever and aching if necessary. Pdf the endemic area for dengue fever extends over 60 countries, and approximately 2. Dengue presents the most uptodate overview of the field, encompassing various aspects of epidemiology, virus research, clinical management of the disease, pathogenesis, vector control and diagnosis. Dengue viruses are spread to people through the bite of an infected aedes species ae. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. The viruses that cause dengue fever are related to those that. Classification schemes overview in 1997, the world health organization who published a classification scheme describing three categories of symptomatic denv infection. This pdf is available for free download from a site hosted by. For the duration of the dengue fever outbreak, dengue diagnostic tests are being conducted by the doh state laboratories on oahu for free although the clinical laboratory where your blood is drawn may charge a nominal processing fee for the visit, blood draw, etc. How can you keep yourself or children you care for from getting it. The presence of fever, rash, and headache the dengue triad is characteristic of dengue fever. Dec 01, 2012 dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or dss.
Centers for disease control advises people with dengue fever not to take aspirin. Dengue virus pirates human platelets blood american. The global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent decades. Dengue is a more dangerous form and needs a handson approach. Mar 15, 2008 adriana o guilarde, marilia d turchi, joao bosco siqueira jr, valeria c. Treat the symptoms of dengue and see your healthcare provider. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. F souza, lucy santos vilas boas, claudio s pannuti, celina m. There are four types of denv serotypes denv1, denv2, denv3 and denv4, meaning that it is possible to be infected four times. Besides acetaminophen, there are not any exclusive medications to treat the viral infection that causes dengue fever. Dengue is believed to infect 50 to 100 million people worldwide in a year.
Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. Persons suffering from dengue should consult a physician for care. What is dengue and how can you keep from getting it. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person who has dengue virus in their blood. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. The world health organisation says, dengue is a viral infection transmitted by the bite of an infected female aedes mosquito. Dengue disease varies from mild fever to severe conditions of dengue hemorrhagic fever and. The viruses are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. Undifferentiated fevermay be the most common manifestation ofdengueprospective study found that 87% of patientsinfected were either asymptomatic or only mildlysymptomaticother. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq for early child.
Infected people may have increased skin sensitivity and are very. Generally, most dengue infections are classified as simple dengue fever. East asia, with the emergence of the severe forms dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf and dengue shock syndrome dss. Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of an aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus. Clinical implications and treatment of dengue core. Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and caused by one of four dengue viruses that are closely related. Dengue disease was first reported in nepal in 2004 and several major outbreaks have occurred since then, with a significant impact on public health. Dengue virus denv infection in humans can cause a wide spectrum of illnesses, ranging from mild dengue fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and lifethreatening dengue shock syndrome 1, 2. The world health organization who has provided a number of free publications about dengue. Clinical outcomes related to viremia, serotypes, and antibody response, the journal of infectious diseases, volume 197, issue 6, 15 march 2008, pages. Dengue virus infection is spread primarily by the mosquito vector aedes aegypti and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can cause bleeding problems in people with dengue. Who do i contact with other questions about dengue fever. Laboratory diagnosis of suspected dengue specimens involves using serological tests starting five days after illness onset to measure antibody response. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. These mosquitoes are not native to california, but infestations have been identified in multiple counties in california pdf. A second rash, which looks like the measles, appears later in the disease.
Mar 19, 20 clinical manifestations of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever undifferentiated fever classic dengue fever dengue hemorrhagic fever dengue shock syndrome 14. Prevention and treatment and dengue virus infection. Do not give ibuprofen, aspirin, or aspirin containing drugs. Sponge patients skin with tepid water when temperature is high. Clinical manifestations of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever undifferentiated fever classic dengue fever dengue hemorrhagic fever dengue shock syndrome 14.
Racgp dengue clinical and public health ramifications. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne infection that causes severe flulike symptoms and can be fatal. Supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest is usually sufficient. Dengue is often a leading cause of illness in areas. The virus responsible for causing dengue, is called dengue virus denv. It is caused by any of the 4 serotypes of dengue virus and is transmitted within humans through female aedes mosquitoes. Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4. Primarily a disease of the tropics, dengue fever is caused by a virus caused by a mosquito which prefers to feed on humans and is native to the tropics. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf treatment of dengue fever article pdf available in infection and drug resistance 51. Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Forty percent of the worlds population, about 3 billion people, live in areas with a risk of dengue. Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Sep, 2019 prevention is possible in children ages 916 with a labconfirmed previous dengue infection with a vaccine, dengvaxia, approved by the fda in the u.
Affecting mostly children, the case fatality rates range from less than 1% to 10% average 5%. As the disease spreads to new geographical areas, the frequency of the outbreaks is increasing. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a. Dengue fever symptoms and treatment aedes mosquito stick figure vector. It is an important cause of fever in the returned traveller. It can be lifethreatening, and are caused by four closely related virus serotypes of the genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Some scientists are working to identify cellular and viral proteins to use as targets for drug intervention. Do people who have contracted dengue fever need to be. Symptoms of typical uncomplicated classic dengue usually start with fever within 4 to 7 days after you have been bitten by an infected mosquito.
It takes a week or more for the dengue virus to replicate in the mosquito. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. But, dealing with dengue also contains extremely important information that goes beyond that which pertains only to dengue fever. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information center. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever.
It is also known as breakbone fever, since it can be extremely painful. Onset of symptoms is characterized by a biphasic, highgrade fever lasting for 3 days to 1 week. Nov 02, 2018 dengue fever is a mosquitoborne infection that causes severe flulike symptoms and can be fatal. Dengue infection affects 100 million people annually, predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions, which can lead to explosive outbreaks in urban areas. Df follows both primary and secondary infections, and is most frequently encountered in adults and older children. Dengue fever should not be confused with dengue hemorrhagic fever, which is a separate disease caused by the same type of virus, but has much more severe symptoms. Symptoms dengue fever begins with a sudden high fever, often as high as 105f 40. Patients should be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids. Take 10 leaves of harshingar tree, night jasmine in engish and 8 kaali mirch crush it black pepper, and boil it in 3 glass of water, when it boil downs to half, i. Thrombocytopenia due to megakaryocytic suppression was a characteristic. In addition to the antiviral drug, it is also useful to discuss the new guidelines published by the who and the special programme for research and. The objective of this study was to obtain clinical, virological and demographic data detailing the 2016 dengue outbreak in nepal. Prevention is possible in children ages 916 with a labconfirmed previous dengue infection with a vaccine, dengvaxia, approved by the fda in the u.
Dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or dss. Dengue is a highly endemic infectious disease of the tropical countries and is rapidly becoming a global burden. There is no treatment for dengue fever, and about 40 percent of the worlds population is at risk. Symptoms of dengue fever infection usually begin 47 days after the infectious mosquito bite and typically last 310 days.
There is no specific antiviral treatment currently available for dengue fever. Treatment there is no specific treatment for classic dengue fever, and most people recover within 2 weeks. Repurposing of prochlorperazine for use against dengue. Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses. T martelli, dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever among adults.
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